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Delta Frame Technique vs. Extension Block Pinning: A Comparative Analysis by a new outcomes Measurement in the Treatment of Mallet Finger: M-FIOS

Okyar Altaş, Tuğçe Nur şahin, Eren şahin, Serdar Toy, Zafer Volkan Gökçe, Sidar öztürk.


Abstract
Objective: To compare the functional outcomes of the delta frame (DF) and extension block pinning (EBP) techniques in the surgical treatment of mallet finger injuries and to develop a new classification system for outcome assessment.
Methods: Twenty-eight patients who underwent surgery for mallet finger between 2022 and 2025 were retrospectively evaluated in this study. 10 patients underwent DF fixation, and 18 underwent EBP. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Mallet-modified fingertip injury score (M-FIOS), Michigan Hand Questionnaire (MHQ), and Crawford classification. Demographic data, surgical duration, quantity of fluoroscopies, and complications were documented.
Results: There were no differences in age, sex, affected side, and injury type between groups (p>0.05). The EBP group had a higher chronic case rate (38.9% vs. 0.0%; p=0.030). The DF group had a longer operation time (68.0±10.9 vs. 36.7±16.8 min; p<0.001) but achieved a higher overall mean MHQ score (83.3 vs. 65.6; p<0.001). Significant differences favoring the DF group were noted in MHQ subscales for daily living (p=0.028), work performance (p<0.001), pain (p=0.005), aesthetics (p=0.002), and satisfaction (p=0.003). All DF patients had excellent Crawford classification results. Complications occurred in 16.7% of EBP patients and 20.0% of DF patients.
Conclusion: Despite longer surgical times, the DF technique for mallet finger treatment results in better patient satisfaction, pain control, and functional outcomes compared to EBP. It is a reliable alternative, especially for acute bony mallet cases. Nevertheless, we consider that the outcomes of the M-FIOS classification are not adequately definitive for the purposes of evaluation.

Key words: delta frame, extension block pinning, fingertip injury outcomes score, fios, functional outcome, hand surgery, mallet finger, michigan hand questionnaire


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Altaş O, şahin TN, şahin E, Toy S, Gokce ZV, Ozturk S. Delta Frame Technique vs. Extension Block Pinning: A Comparative Analysis by a new outcomes Measurement in the Treatment of Mallet Finger: M-FIOS. Hand Microsurg. 2026; 15(1): 17-25. doi:10.5455/handmicrosurg.300658

Web Style

Altaş O, şahin TN, şahin E, Toy S, Gokce ZV, Ozturk S. Delta Frame Technique vs. Extension Block Pinning: A Comparative Analysis by a new outcomes Measurement in the Treatment of Mallet Finger: M-FIOS. https://handmicrosurgeryjournal.com/?mno=300658 [Access: April 30, 2026]. doi:10.5455/handmicrosurg.300658

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Altaş O, şahin TN, şahin E, Toy S, Gokce ZV, Ozturk S. Delta Frame Technique vs. Extension Block Pinning: A Comparative Analysis by a new outcomes Measurement in the Treatment of Mallet Finger: M-FIOS. Hand Microsurg. 2026; 15(1): 17-25. doi:10.5455/handmicrosurg.300658


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Altaş O, şahin TN, şahin E, Toy S, Gokce ZV, Ozturk S. Delta Frame Technique vs. Extension Block Pinning: A Comparative Analysis by a new outcomes Measurement in the Treatment of Mallet Finger: M-FIOS. Hand Microsurg. (2026), [cited April 30, 2026]; 15(1): 17-25. doi:10.5455/handmicrosurg.300658


Harvard Style

Altaş, O., şahin, . T. N., şahin, . E., Toy, . S., Gokce, . Z. V. & Ozturk, . S. (2026) Delta Frame Technique vs. Extension Block Pinning: A Comparative Analysis by a new outcomes Measurement in the Treatment of Mallet Finger: M-FIOS. Hand Microsurg, 15 (1), 17-25. doi:10.5455/handmicrosurg.300658


Turabian Style

Altaş, Okyar, Tuğce Nur şahin, Eren şahin, Serdar Toy, Zafer Volkan Gokce, and Sidar Ozturk. 2026. Delta Frame Technique vs. Extension Block Pinning: A Comparative Analysis by a new outcomes Measurement in the Treatment of Mallet Finger: M-FIOS. Hand and Microsurgery, 15 (1), 17-25. doi:10.5455/handmicrosurg.300658


Chicago Style

Altaş, Okyar, Tuğce Nur şahin, Eren şahin, Serdar Toy, Zafer Volkan Gokce, and Sidar Ozturk. "Delta Frame Technique vs. Extension Block Pinning: A Comparative Analysis by a new outcomes Measurement in the Treatment of Mallet Finger: M-FIOS." Hand and Microsurgery 15 (2026), 17-25. doi:10.5455/handmicrosurg.300658


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Altaş, Okyar, Tuğce Nur şahin, Eren şahin, Serdar Toy, Zafer Volkan Gokce, and Sidar Ozturk. "Delta Frame Technique vs. Extension Block Pinning: A Comparative Analysis by a new outcomes Measurement in the Treatment of Mallet Finger: M-FIOS." Hand and Microsurgery 15.1 (2026), 17-25. Print. doi:10.5455/handmicrosurg.300658


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Altaş, O., şahin, . T. N., şahin, . E., Toy, . S., Gokce, . Z. V. & Ozturk, . S. (2026) Delta Frame Technique vs. Extension Block Pinning: A Comparative Analysis by a new outcomes Measurement in the Treatment of Mallet Finger: M-FIOS. Hand and Microsurgery, 15 (1), 17-25. doi:10.5455/handmicrosurg.300658




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    Hand and Microsurgery, the official journal of Turkish Society for Surgery of Hand and Upper Extremity, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published th ... Read more.



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